客运专线用100米60kg/m重轨在焊轨厂拼焊后，当四面矫直时发生断裂。采用光学显微镜及扫描电镜（TEM）等方法对钢轨矫直时断裂原因进行了分析和研究。结果表明：钢轨断裂是由于距钢轨端部约100mm轨底边缘处存在凸台缺陷，此凸台在钢轨拼焊后进行除瘤时除瘤刀将其铲平，致使钢轨产生冷裂纹，进而在矫直时断裂。通过控制万能精轧上下辊的辊径差以及调整轧制线高度等方面，使钢轨出轧机时尽量保持平直，避免上翘或扣头，从而消除凸台缺陷的产生。
Rails of passager Line are parted at the time straightening after rails are welded in the rail welding plant. Fracture cause are analysed by optical microscope and TEM. The results show that fracture reasons is boss defect existed at the end of the edge of rail，and cold crack is caused when the boss is shovelled smooth by tumor knife，rail is breaked off at last.Rails are kept straight when rails are rolled in finishing by means of controlling roll diameter difference and rolling line height and so on.Upturned or bend down are avoided，and thus boss defect are eliminated.
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