为改善7055铝合金的凝固组织,在合金凝固过程中施加超声振动.采用光学显微镜观察和室温压缩试验等手段研究了超声振动对7055铝合金凝固组织及力学性能的影响,并对超声细化机理进行了探讨.结果表明:未施加超声时,7055合金中形成粗大枝晶组织;施加超声振动后,可获得细小均匀的非枝晶组织.由于超声振动的空化和声流效应,凝固前对熔体施加超声,产生大量微泡核心,这些微泡核心保留下来而成为形核核心,使凝固组织得到细化;凝固过程中导入超声,枝晶出现断裂,导致了细小均匀组织的形成.此外,超声振动的7055合金铸锭显示了较好的室温压缩性能,压缩屈服强度、抗压强度及其对应的工程应变分别为165、729.2 MPa和34.8%.
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