采用扫描电镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FT-IR）并结合物理力学性能测试,对高水用量（3phr~11phr）所制备的全水发泡低密度聚氨酯泡沫的形态和力学性能进行表征,结果表明,水用量逐渐从3phr增加到11phr,发泡聚氨酯物料的乳白时间、凝胶时间和不粘手时间逐渐延长,泡沫中的取代脲结构含量和氢键化程度逐渐增加,泡沫密度和力学性能逐渐降低,泡孔平均孔径呈先增大、后减小的趋势,然而泡沫的比强度和氨基甲酸酯含量变化不大。
The morphologies and mechanical properties of water-blown polyurethane （PU） foams with various water levels （3-11phr） were characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectra （FT-IR） and physi-mechanical evaluations. The results indicate that water level has various effect on the chemical compositions and microstructures of water-blown PU foams and affectes the physi-mechanical properties because water not only formed the gas for foaming but also involved with the chain-extension of polyurea-urethane resin. As water level increased from 3 phr to llphr, the cream time, gel time, tack-free time, polyurea content and hydrogen bonding of PU foams increased gradually, while the density and mechanical properties of PU foam decreased accordingly. The water-blown PU foams with low density but good performances can be prepared by adjusting the water level.
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