采用k-∈二方程法和SIMPLE算法对190 kA大型预焙阳极铝电解槽分别在槽况较为理想、更换阳极、炉底存在结壳、不同铝水平以及阳极长包情况下的铝液流速场进行了三维计算.结果表明:电解槽中金属铝液主要表现为水平流动,但在槽边部也表现出明显的垂直方向流动;在理想槽况下,铝液中最大水平流速为11.9 cm/s,平均流速为3.5 cm/s;换极、炉底结壳和阳极长包时,在相应位置的铝液中出现显著的环行流动,铝液流动形式发生变化;换极时铝液最大流速(为13.1 cm/s)较理想槽况有较大增加,但平均流速变化不大;炉底存在较小结壳时,铝液流速增加不大;阳极长包时,铝液流速则大大增加,最大水平流速达24 cm/s,而当铝水平适当降低,铝液流动形式和流速未发生明显变化.
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