钢中铝夹杂对重轨钢性能有较大影响，其中铝脱氧钢中Al2O3夹杂是钢轨产生疲劳断裂的主要原因，减少重轨钢中Al2O3夹杂是很有必要的。因此，重轨钢的冶炼采用无铝脱氧工艺。针对重轨钢无铝脱氧的特点，对冶炼过程钢中铝含量控制、钢包炉扩散脱氧工艺、真空碳脱氧工艺和钙处理夹杂物控制进行研究。并把该技术应用到实际生产。结果表明，采用无铝脱氧工艺，通过控制炉渣组成、RH碳脱氧技术及钙处理工艺可把钢中w(［O］)降到20×10-6以下，满足洁净重轨钢的要求。
Because of big influences of aluminum inclusions on the performance of heavy rail steel, and the reason why steel rail generates fatigue fracture is aluminum oxide inclusion in the steel by aluminum deoxidization, it is very necessary for heavy rail steel to reduce the quantities of Al2O3 inclusion in the deoxidization process with aluminum. So it is very important for heavy rail steel to adopt deoxidization methods with low aluminum addition. According to the characteristic of deoxidization with low aluminum addition, the control of aluminum content, the diffuse deoxidization technology in ladle furnace, vacuum deoxidization process by carbon, inclusion modification technology by calcium treatment are studied, which are applied to production practice. Results show that if deoxidization process with low aluminum addition is adopted, the total oxygen content in the steel is decreased below 20×10-6 by the methods of controlling slag composition, deoxidization technology by carbon in RH, calcium treatment process, which meets the requirement of clean heavy hail steel.
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