利用电化学阳极共沉积技术,从含不同Co2+/Ni2+比的NaOH溶液中,在Ni基体上制备了Co-Ni混合氧化物. 利用X射线衍射分析了混合氧化物的物相结构,并通过循环伏安法、稳态Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究了混合氧化物作为析氧阳极材料的电催化活性. 结果表明,从 n(Co2+)/ n(Ni2+)=1的电解液中沉积所得的Co-Ni混合氧化物主要为尖晶石结构NiCo2O4相,并具有最高的析氧催化活性. 析氧反应在Co-Ni混合氧化物电极上表现出两个明显的Tafel区域:在低电势区Tafel曲线斜率为40～48 mV/(°),对OH-的反应级数为2.0; 在高电势区Tafel曲线斜率为110～120 mV/(°),对OH-的反应级数为1.0. 在恒定电势E=0.60 V时,Co-Ni混合氧化物上析氧反应的电化学标准活化焓为37.4～51.7 kJ/mol. 通过对析氧历程的分析,提出了在不同电势范围内Co-Ni混合氧化物上析氧反应的动力学方程,并较好地解释了实验结果.
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