分别以微乳液法和共沉淀法制备了NiCo2O4纳米棒和纳米片.对比研究了两种方法制备的NiCo2O4纳米材料的物相、形貌、孔道结构及其催化甲醇氧化的性能.结果表明:350℃煅烧5h后,两种方法均能制备出NiCo2O4纳米材料,但共沉淀法制备的纳米片结晶度低于微乳液法制备的NiCo2O4纳米棒.通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和氮气吸脱附测试发现,NiCo2O4纳米棒具有介孔结构,比表面积为116.8 m2·g-1,而NiCo2O4纳米片是六方片状结构,比表面积为36.1 m2·g-1.电化学结果显示,电压为0.6V,扫描速率为50 mV·s-1时,纳米片的电流密度为47.8 mA·cm-2,纳米棒为31.9 mA·cm-2.在0.5V扫描3000 s后,纳米片仍能保持70％的初始电流密度,纳米棒为51％.共沉淀法制备的NiCo2O4纳米片比微乳液法制备的纳米棒具有更好的催化甲醇氧化活性、稳定性.这可能是由于NiCo2O4纳米片的特殊的片层形貌及其一定的无序度导致的.
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