采用溶剂热法,以CuCl2·2H2O、Zn(Ac)2·2H2O、SnCL·5H2O作金属源,硫脲作硫源,乙二醇作溶剂,在体系中加入不同表面活性剂PVP和CTAB,研究PVP、CTAB协同效应对制备CZTS颗粒的影响.通过XRD、SEM、UV-Vis方法检测分析CZTS颗粒的物相、结构、形貌以及光学性能.结果表明:所得CZTS颗粒均具有锌黄锡矿结构;当在体系中同时加入PVP、CTAB时,两者的协同效应使得颗粒形貌发生明显变化,光学带隙也发生相应变化;当体系中加入的表面活性剂PVP∶CTAB=3∶1时,合成的颗粒结晶性较好、颗粒形貌为单分散似花状微粒、光学带隙为1.48 eV,与太阳能电池所需的最佳带隙接近.最后,提出了相应的机理.
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