为研制一种高效且性能优异的铝合金用酸洗缓蚀剂,以苯甲醛和3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑为原料合成了席夫碱3-(4-苯亚甲基-)氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑.通过核磁共振表征了其结构；采用静态失重法、动电位极化法、电化学阻抗法和扫描电镜等研究了其在1 mol/L HCl溶液中对5052铝合金的缓蚀性能.结果表明:所合成的3-(4-苯亚甲基-)氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑在1 mol/L HCl溶液中对5052铝合金具有良好的缓蚀作用,在一定浓度范围内,其缓蚀效率随缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,缓蚀剂浓度为5 mmol/L时,缓蚀效率高达95.1％；该缓蚀剂为阴极抑制型缓蚀剂,在5052铝合金表面上的吸附符合Lagmuir吸附,且以化学吸附为主.
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