通过硬度和拉伸性能测试以及扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,研究了Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mg和Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mg-0.3Si合金在180℃下进行不同保温时间(6、10、14和18 h)的时效处理及元素Si对力学性能的影响.结果表明:随时效时间的延长,Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mg(-0.3Si)合金的硬度和强度先增大后减小,断裂伸长率明显降低;Si元素的添加使Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mg合金的硬度、强度、断裂伸长率均有明显提高,但延迟了Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mg合金达到峰时效的时间.利用SEM对Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mg(-0.3Si)合金拉伸断口形貌进行的观察表明:加入0.3％的Si元素后,Al-4.5Cu-0.6Mg合金的断裂特征由韧脆混合断裂变为韧性断裂.
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