采用界面聚合法,用FeCl_3作氧化剂,不同浓度的HCOOH做掺杂剂,制备了不同形貌聚苯胺纳米材料,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)对聚苯胺的结构和形貌进行了表征.以聚苯胺为活性物质制备电极,1mol/L H_2SO_4水溶液为电解液组装超级电容器,通过循环伏安法和恒电流充放电技术研究了其电化学性能.结果表明,通过控制HCOOH的浓度可以得到不同形貌的HCOOH掺杂的聚苯胺纳米材料;其中纤维状的聚苯胺作为电极材料的超级电容器在15mA/cm~2放电电流下,其比电容为292.2F/g,500次循环后容量仍维持在200.6F/g,比电容保持率为68.7%.
Formic acid-doped polyaniline nanomaterils with different morphology have been synthesized successfully by interfacial polymerization with FeCl_3 as oxidant and HCOOH as dopant.The morphology and structure of polyaniline were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).Symmetric redox supercapacitor was assembled with the polyaniline as active electrode material and 1 mol/L H_2SO_4 aqueous solution as electrolyte.The electrochemical performances of the supercapacitor were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge.These results show that polyaniline with different morphology depend on the concentration of formic acid.polyaniline with fiber morphology has better power characteristic and cycle performance in the application of supercapacitor,whose specific capacitance is about 292.2F/g at the current density of 15mA/cm~2.After 500 charge-discharge cycles its specific capacitance was about 200.6F/g and its capacitance retention is 68.7%.
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