以纺锤体状单晶氧化铜、片状单晶氧化镧和硝酸盐为金属源, 通过水热法并灼烧所得产物, 制备了具有纺锤体状、棒状和短链状类钙钛矿型氧化物 La2(xSrxCuO4 (x = 0, 1)单晶纳微米粒子. 采用 X 射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X 射线光电子能谱、氢气程序升温还原、氧气程序升温脱附以及 N2 吸附等技术对所得催化剂的物化性质进行了表征, 考察了这些样品催化甲烷氧化反应的性能. 结果表明, 将 Sr 部分引入 La2CuO4 的晶格中可增加催化剂表面吸附氧量、Cu3+含量和还原能力. 在空速为 50 000 ml/(g·h) 和 CH4/O2 摩尔比为 1/10 的条件下, 以硝酸盐为金属源制得的 LaSrCuO4 表现出最高的催化活性, 在 675 ℃ 时甲烷反应速率高达 40.9 mmol/(g·h) . 这一优良的催化性能与其表面较高的氧空位浓度、独特的单晶结构和特定的表面形貌有关.
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