利用溶胶-凝胶、氢气还原及热压工艺制备了纳米复合Mo-4La2O3(质量分数,%)阴极材料,其显微组织中La2O3粒径小于100nm,而常规Mo-4La2O3阴极中La2O3粒径为200～300 nm.在真空击穿实验中发现La2O3粒径对于阴极电子发射性能有显著的影响,纳米复合阴极的电子发射能力远高于常规阴极的发射能力,其电子发射点遍布整个阴极表面,而常规阴极电子发射点只是集中在一小块区域.通过建立会属-半导体电子相互作用模型,计算并绘制了Mo及La2O3中电子隧穿几率随La2O3粒径变化的关系曲线,解释了纳米复合阴极电子发射能力强的原因.
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