为了改善水性聚氨酯(WPU)耐水性差和表面性能差等缺陷,将有机硅和纳米SiO2同时引入到WPU中,首先通过自乳化法制备了WPU和有机硅改性水性聚氨酯(SWPU).然后采用超声共混法将纳米SiO2粒子加入到SWPU中,制备了纳米SiO2/SWPU复合材料.最后,采用FTIR和SEM对WPU、SWPU和纳米SiO2/SW-PU的结构进行了表征,通过接触角、吸水率及抗拉力学性能测试分析了WPU、SWPU和纳米SiO2/SWPU的疏水性能及抗拉力学性能.结果表明:纳米SiO2已被成功引入到SWPU中;纳米SiO2含量较小(≤3wt％)时能够较均匀地分散在纳米SiO2/SWPU胶膜中;当纳米SiO2含量从0增大至5wt％时,纳米SiO2/SWPU胶膜的吸水率降低了69％,拉伸强度从16.72 MPa增大至24.22 MPa,断裂伸长率从545％增至731％,表明纳米SiO2的引入显著提高了SWPU胶膜的耐水性能和力学性能.
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