以含铁14.51％(质量分数)的铁尾矿为研究对象,采用煤基深度还原—磁选方法回收铁,研究并分析了焙烧过程中不同煤还原剂、助熔剂、焙烧温度以及焙烧时间对铁还原的影响规律.结果表明:对于铁尾矿深度还原,固定碳含量高且含有少量挥发份的煤效果较好;以无烟煤为还原剂,CaO为助熔剂,1300℃焙烧180 min,磁选得到铁产品中铁品位90.12％,铁回收率为72.21％.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱分析(EDS)分析了磁选铁产品中铁的存在形式,结果表明:铁尾矿深度还原过程中铁矿物大部分被还原成金属铁,仅有少部分矿物是金属铁被氧化的磁铁矿和石英,实现了铁尾矿中铁的还原和富集.
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