以新型SiO2大孔材料为模板,采用原位聚合及真空热解的方法制备出大孔 C/SiO2复合电极,并先后在孔道表面负载单质硫及聚合物膜后得到具有Polymer-S-C/SiO2多层结构的复合大孔电极.用SEM对电极结构进行表征,并测定了比表面积和负载物的平均厚度;用EIS和充放电测试对电极的电化学性能进行了研究.结果表明:聚合物膜厚度的增加可使电极的交流阻抗迅速增大,同时能明显改善锂硫离子电池的逆循环性,说明聚合物膜的存在能够有效抑制多硫化物中间产物的流失.改变单体的用量可以调控聚合物膜的厚度,当聚合物膜平均厚度为8.0nm时,锂离子电池的循环性能达到最佳,其首次放电比容量达792 mA·h/g,经过50个循环后,可逆容量仍达到635 mA· h/g.
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