采用静态高压釜腐蚀试验研究了Zr-0.8Sn-0.35Nb-0.4Fe-0.1Cr-xBi(x=0.1,0.3和0.5,质量分数,％)合金在400℃/10.3 MPa过热蒸汽中的腐蚀行为;并用TEM、EDS和SEM观察分析了合金和腐蚀后氧化膜的显微组织.结果表明,在Zr-0.8Sn-0.35Nb-0.4Fe-0.1Cr合金中添加0.1％,0.3％和0.5％的铋对其在400℃过热蒸汽中的耐腐蚀性能都有较大改善作用,但随着铋含量的增加,其改善作用减弱;在Zr-0.8Sn-0.35Nb-0.4Fe-0.1Cr合金中添加0.1％铋后,合金中只有Zr(Fe,Cr,Nb)2一种第二相;添加0.3％铋后,有Zr(Fe,Cr,Nb)2和Zr-Fe-Sn-Bi两种第二相析出;添加0.5％铋后,有Zr(Fe,Cr,Nb)2,Zr-Fe-Sn-Bi和Zr-Fe-Cr-Nb-Sn-Bi三种第二相析出;Zr-0.8Sn-0.35Nb-0.4Fe-0.1Cr合金中添加适量铋会促进原来固溶的锡以第二相析出.以上结果说明Zr-0.8Sn-0.35Nb-0.4Fe-0.1Cr-xBi合金在580℃时α-Zr基体中可固溶不少于0.1％的铋,这对改善合金的耐腐蚀性能是有利的,但含铋和锡第二相的析出则使合金的耐腐蚀性能下降.
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