利用Confocal激光扫描显微镜原位观察了AISI304不锈钢冷却加热过程中高温铁素体（δ）→奥氏体（γ）相变的过程及其特征。结果表明，γ相优先在δ晶界处形成；冷却速率影响γ相的生长形态，典型形态分为多边形、块状、圆形、树枝状、板状、网状、以及葫芦状等七种；“游离”γ枝晶发生粗化，并可能和周围的γ枝晶聚合；相同冷却条件下，δ晶界处的γ枝晶聚合程度明显高于δ晶粒内部；二次枝晶在冷却过程中粗化，并竞争生长。冷却速率增大时，伴随着温度的突然先升后降，γ相生长界面失稳，枝晶前端推进速率提高。
The process and characteristics of high-temperature ferrite (δ) → austenite (γ) phase transformation during cooling of an AISI30 stainless steel have been observed in-situ by using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The results show γ phase appears prior at the δ grain boundaries. The cooling rate affects the growth morphology of γ phase which representatively includes polygon, block-like, round, dendritic, plat-form, network, and calabash-like. The independent γ dendrite becomes coarse, and may converge with others surrounding γ dendrites. The convergence degree for the γ dendrite at the δ grain boundary is clearly higher than that in the grain at the same cooling rate. The secondary dendrites become coarse, and grow competitively during cooling. The growth interface becomes unstable as the cooling rate increases. Meanwhile, the movement rate increases, along with the sudden rise and then fall of temperature.
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