喷雾冷却中液滴冲击壁面的流动和换热强弱可用铺展系数和冷却效能的大小来反映.本文利用Volume-of-Fluid(VOF)方法,对初始直径在50～150 μm,初始速度在1.0～10.0 m/s之间的单个液滴冲击恒温发热表面的情况进行了数值模拟.模拟结果表明,增加液滴的初始速度和直径会扩大液滴的铺展范围,即铺展系数增大;液滴的初始直径越小、速度越大,则其冷却效能越大,即冷却能力越强.定量结果对喷雾系统的设计具有重要意义.
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