通过硬度、强度测定和透射电镜技术研究了基体钢中加Ni的回火特征。结果表明,加入1—2％Ni显著提高了合金的二次硬化效应和抗高温软化性。电镜研究指出,加Ni促使M_2C析出,细化V_4C_3和M_2C,并促进(Fe,M)_3C转变。经低温回火,Ni强烈稳定残留奥氏体,高于500℃回火,含Ni钢中残留奥氏体的数量比无Ni钢中高出不多,因此Ni增加残留奥氏体的作用并不掩盖Ni提高合金的二次硬化效应。
The tempering behaviour of the matrix steel has been investigated by means of the hardness and strength measurements and TEM observation. It was found that the secondary hardening effect and the resistance to heat softening of the steel are markedly improved by addition of Niabout 1-2%. TEM observation showed that the Ni promotes precipitation of M_2C and transformation of (Fe,M)_3 C as well as fines the grains of V_4C_3 and M_2C. The addition of Ni stabilizes strongly the retained austenite under low temperature tempering. However, the Ni-containing steel tempered under temperature above 500℃ less exceeds Ni-free steel in amount of the retained austenite. The behaviour of increasing the retained austenite does not cover up the effect of strengthening the secondary hardening both by addition of Ni.
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