利用Raman激光光谱,XRD,TEM,SEM和UV-Vis等手段研究了TiO2超微粒子的量子尺寸效应与光吸收特性.结果发现:由Ti(OBu)4在较低pH值的水解条件下制得的TiO2溶胶粒径为5～10 nm;随着热处理温度的升高,TiO2微粒的粒径增大,经473～673 K热处理得到的TiO2超微粒子粒径为10～20 nm,呈不规整的锐钛矿型结构.TiO2的拉曼峰随热处理温度升高而发生红移,表现出量子尺寸效应.热处理温度升高到873 K时,粒径增大到30 nm左右,呈锐钛矿型与金红石型混晶结构.温度进一步升高时,金红石相增多.由于金红石型TiO2微粒带隙减小,也使拉曼峰出现红移.当TiO2微粒的尺寸明显增大,超出量子尺寸效应范围(20 nm)时,其拉曼峰不发生位移.锐钛矿型TiO2超微粒子在紫外光区有较好的光吸收性能,并有较高的光催化活性.在较高pH值的水解条件下得到的多孔大颗粒TiO2,对紫外光有散射作用,有效光吸收及光催化降解活性均降低.
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