通过对AA3104铝合金均匀化铸锭、板材以及断罐中粗大共晶化合物的外形和分布方式的研究，探讨了合金中共晶化合物粒子的分布形态对板材深冲性能的影响。结果表明，由传统DC法生产的铸锭过渡层较厚，化合物尺寸粗大，由其得到的板材粒子聚集现象较多，严重降低了板材的深冲性能；而由LHC法生产的铸锭化合物尺寸较小，所生产的板材中粒子较为细小弥散，其塑性也较好。研究发现，脆性粗大化合物粒子在轧制中主要沿轧向破碎，破碎后棱角尖锐且分布密集，极易由于应力集中导致微裂纹，成为影响罐料板深冲性能的主要因素。认为经由β相转变得到的α相粒子由于结构疏松，在轧制过程中更易破碎，为有效控制成品板材中粒子的尺寸和分布提供了新的思路。
Effect of eutectic compounds on the deep drawing properties of AA3104 alloy sheets was discussed by means of analyzing the shape and distribution of coarse eutectic compounds in homogenized ingots, sheets and broken cans, respectively. The results show that a thick trausition zone and coarse compounds are observed in the ingots from traditional DC casting method. The particle aggregation is very common in sheet which is produced from the DC ingot, this heavily decreases the deep drawing property of the sheet. Ingots from LHC casting method are found to have smaller compounds than those from DC casting method. The compound particles in sheet from the LHC ingot are smaller and dispersive, which leads to better plasticity. It is also found that during rolling the coarse brittle particles break in large scale and distribute densely along the rolling direction with sharp edges which could easily cause stress concentration and lead to micro cracks. This is the major cause for the decrease in the deep drawing properties of sheet products. It is believed that the polyporous α-phase particles which are transformed from β-phase, are more likely to be broken up during rolling. This provides a potential method to control the size and distribution of the particles effectively.
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