采用溶胶法制备了用于阴离子膜直接甲醇燃料电池的Pt-M/C(M=Ru,Sn和Co)阳极电催化剂,并用X射线衍射和X射线能谱技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,制备的Pt-M合金颗粒分布均匀,粒径为2～6 nm,其组成与前驱体中相应金属的原子比基本吻合.用循环伏安法测定了催化剂在不同碱性条件下的活性.结果显示,随着碱性的增加,甲醇的起始氧化电位降低,峰电流和催化剂的活性增大;相同碱强度下催化剂活性顺序为Pt50Ru50/C＞Pt50Sn50/C＞Pt75Co25/C,添加Ru可明显提高Pt/C催化剂的活性.Pt50Ru50/C在1.0 mol/LNaOH+1.0 mol/L CH3OH溶液中的峰电流密度可达634.7 mA/mg.
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