在环保型电解液中,采用电压-时间曲线、等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP)、扫描电镜(SEM)等方法研究了纯镁和AZ91HP两种基体材料对氧化过程、氧化膜表面形貌及成分的影响.根据电压-时间曲线,在氧化时间分别为1 min和5 min时,AZ91HP镁合金的电流效率比纯镁低,可能是由AZ91HP中的合金元素铝氧化并进入氧化膜中导致裂缝增加,成为析氧中心所导致的.在AZ91HP镁合金上生成的氧化膜孔的均匀性没有纯镁好,并且最大孔的直径比在纯镁上的氧化膜大.EDS分析表明,随着氧化时间延长,氧化膜中Si和P含量增加;而在氧化时间相同的情况下,两种基体上形成的氧化膜成分没有明显区别.ICP方法没有检测到氧化溶液中含有Mg~(2+)和Al~(3+),表明这两种离子在溶液中的浓度很低.
In an environmentally friendly electrolyte, the effects of pure magnesium and AZ91HP substrate on anodizing process, surface morphologies and chemical compositions of anodic coatings were investigated by voltage-time curves, ICP and SEM. According to voltage-time curves, the current efficiency on AZ91HP was lower than that on pure magnesium for both 1 min and 5 min. The reason may be that the alloying element aluminium was anodized, subsequently entered into anodic coatings and therefore increased coating crack resulting in centers of oxygen evolution formed. The pore uniformity and the maximum diameter of anodic coatings formed on AZ91HP were separately worse and bigger than those on pure magnesium. EDX analysis showed that with anodizing prolonging, the content of Si and P on anodic coatings increased, too. For the same anodizing time, there was no distinct difference between the chemical compositions of anodic coatings formed on the two substrates. ICP analysis showed that Mg~(2+) or Al~(3+) was not detected in the anodizing solution, which indicated that their concentration in the solution was very low.
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