以硝酸镍和正硅酸乙酯为原料,制得Ni(OH)2/SiO2二元胶体,经水热晶化法和常压干燥法分别合成了纳米级氧化镍-二氧化硅复合粉体催化剂;用这两种催化剂在相同催化裂解条件下分别制得了多壁碳纳米管;采用XRD和TEM等测试手段对两种催化剂物相、形貌及由两种催化剂制得的碳纳米管形态、收率及纯度作了比较,结果表明:水热晶化法比常压干燥法合成的催化剂粉体颗粒粒径小(为10～20um),分散性好,催化活性高,使得所制得的碳纳米管管径小(为10～16um)、分布窄、纯度和收率都相对较高;同时对用不同水热反应温度合成的催化剂(物相不同)制备碳纳米管进行了研究.
The binary colloid (Ni(OH)2/SiO2) was prepared by using Ni(NO3)2(6H2O) and (C2H5O)4SiO4 as starting materials. Then a part of the
colloid was dried in open air and the other part was used to form NiO/SiO2 composite powders at hydrothermal conditions. Carbon
nanotubes (CNTs) were systhesized respectively by using these two kinds of powders as catalysts,with acetylene as the source of carbon.
The phase and morphology of the both catalysts and the morphology, output and yield of the two kinds of CNTs were compared by using XRD and
TEM. The results show that the catalyst powders synthesized by the hydrothermal method, compared with those synthesized in open air, are with smaller diameters
(10～20nm), better dispersion and have stronger catalytic activities, so that the pure CNTs with smaller tube diameters of
10～16nm can be obtained at a high yield. The differences of the carbon nanotubes prepared by using the catalysts synthesized by the
hydrothermal method at different temperatures were also studied.
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