本文通过化学刻蚀和表面氟化相结合的方法在铜片基体上制作了一系列具有不同接触角的疏水表面,水与疏水表面的接触角最高可达155.2°.显微观察了不同接触角冷表面上水珠的形成、冻结以及初始霜晶的生长,并与普通紫铜表面进行了对比.结果表明,普通紫铜表面上形成的水珠大且排列致密,而疏水表面上形成的水珠小且稀疏,呈球形,冻结时间晚.此外,疏水表面上形成的霜晶稀疏,较易去除.最后,从相变动力学理论分析了疏水表面延迟水珠冻结和霜晶生长的原因.
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