考察了冷却速率、磁场强度及高梯度磁场对Al-2.89%Fe(质量分数)过共晶合金中Al3Fe 相形貌及分布规律的影响. 结果表明, 在无磁场条件下, 初生Al3Fe相沉积在试样下部; 施加12 T强磁场后, 初生Al3Fe相所受磁力作用和重力作用相平衡, 在整个试样中均匀分布, 且沿着易磁化方向[121]发生定向排列, 其取向程度不受冷却速率的影响, 但随着磁场强度的增大而加强; 在高梯度磁场中, 初生Al3Fe相所受磁力作用大于重力作用而偏聚在试样的上部, 且多个针状初生Al3Fe相结合在一起, 形成近似星状聚合体. 此外, 对强磁场的作用机理进行了分析和探讨.
The morphology and distribution of Al3Fe phase in hypereutectic Al-2.89%Fe alloy solidified under high magnetic field was investigated.The effects of cooling rate, magnetic intensity and high gradient magnetic field on the distribution of Al3Fe were studied. The results showed that the primary Al3Fe phase with needle-like morphology was gathered at the bottom of the sample due to the gravity force when the alloy was solidified without the high magnetic field. However, when the high magnetic field of 12T was applied, the primary Al3Fe phase distributed throughout the sample homogeneously because that the magnetic force acted on the primary Al3Fe phase balanced with the gravity force, and the primary Al3Fe phase aligned perpendicularly to the magnetic field direction with a preferred direction [121]. Its orientation extent was not affected by cooling rate, but strengthened with increasing magnetic intensity. When the sample was set at the position with a large positive gradient magnetic field, the magnetic force acted on the primary Al3Fe phase was greater than the gravity force, resulting in their segregation to the upper portion of the sample. Several needle-like primary Al3Fe phases were integrated to form the polymer with a star shape. Furthermore, the mechanism of high magnetic field was discussed.
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