提出了一种新颖的快速制备高比表面氧化铈纳米粉体的方法--盐助溶液燃烧法,通过XRD、TEM和比表面积分析,研究了燃料/氧化剂的比率、不同盐的种类和用量对产物性质的影响.研究发现,在传统的溶液燃烧法中简单的引入KCl导致产物比表面积由14.10 m2·g-1剧增到156.74 m2·g-1,得到了4～6 nm高分散性的纳米氧化铈粒子.通过示意图初步讨论了盐助溶液燃烧合成过程高分散纳米氧化铈粒子形成的可能机制,认为由于自蔓延溶液燃烧反应快速释放出大量的热量,使反应体系产生瞬间高温,盐会迅速在新形成的纳米晶的表面原位析出形成薄盐层,当快速冷却后,氧化铈纳米晶就被镶嵌在凝固的盐基质中,阻止了新生成纳米粒子的重新团聚和烧结,从而得到氧化铈单分散粒子.
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