用静态和动态腐蚀失重法研究喹啉季铵盐、吡啶季铵盐、曼尼希碱和咪唑啉季铵盐四种不同主体类型缓蚀剂在高温高压H2S/CO2环境中N80钢的缓蚀性能，并结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）表面分析技术研究了不同缓蚀剂主体分子结构与缓蚀性能的关系。结果表明，四类缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率的大小顺序是：喹啉季铵盐>吡啶季铵盐>曼尼希碱>咪唑啉季铵盐。喹啉季铵盐与其他三种缓蚀剂主体分子结构相比具有更好的抗硫性能，其对N80钢具有良好的吸附性能，可形成抗腐蚀性介质渗透能力强的致密均匀和稳定不易分解的有机膜。其缓蚀剂用量为0.15%时，缓蚀率可达97%。
The inhibitive performance for N80 carbon steel of four corrosion inhibitors were investigated at high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) H2S/CO2 containing environment by masss loss method. The relationship between the molecular structures of inhibitors and inhibition efficiency was further illustrated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the order of inhibition efficiency was as followed: quioline quaternary ammonium salt (QQA) > pyridine quaternary ammonium salt > mannich bases > imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt. QQA had better sulfide-corrosion resistance compared with the other three and exhibited an excellent adsorption on the surface of N80 steel, which could be attributed to that the homogeneous adsorbed film of QQA molecules was stable enough in HTHP H2S/CO2 containing solution. The inhibition efficiency of QQA could reach 97% at the concentration of 0.15 mass%.
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