以纳米硅(Si)、天然石墨(NG)和高软化点沥青为前驱体,通过球磨和裂解制备了具有壳核结构的硅/天然石墨/沥青炭( Si-NG/PC)复合材料.考察了球磨时间、球磨速率和物料比等因素对制备材料的组成、结构及其作为锂离子电池阳极电化学性能的影响.结果表明:最佳球磨速率为300 r/min,最适宜的球磨时间为21h.所制Si-NG/PC复合材料的循环性能随PC含量的增加而提高,但其比容量却随PC含量的增加迅速降低,PC的最佳质量分数为30％.同时,Si-NG/PC复合材料的比容量随Si含量的增加而增大,为获得好的循环性能,纳米Si质量分数应低于35％.在优化条件下制备的Si-NG/PC复合材料在50个循环中表现出高的比容量和优异的循环性能.
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