采用XRD、气相色谱仪、EDS及质量损失等手段与方法,在不同反应温度、系统压力、添加剂及反应时间对氧化铝在碳热及氯化过程进行研究.结果表明:碳热与氯化过程生成的气体主要是CO,含量达98.4%(质量分数)以上;碳热过程在50～100 Pa、高于1 693 K时,Al4O4C与Al4C3开始生成,且含量随着温度的升高与保温时间的延长而增加;在1 Pa及1 773 K时,Al4O4C碳热转化为Al4C3;分别添加10%Fe2O3与10%SiO2(质量分数),在40～100 Pa、1 803 K、保温120～150 min时,可使物料质量损失率达到26.70%与30.13%,促进碳热过程向生成Al4O4C与Al4C3方向进行;温度高于1 853 K不利于该反应的进行;碳热-氯化过程是Al2O3与Al4O4C、Al4C3及AlCl3共同反应生成低价氯化铝AlCl,气态AlCl进入低温区歧解得到金属铝.
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