采用热压工艺制备了HA/316L粉非对称生物功能梯度材料(FGM).HA/316L粉非对称生物FGM在宏观上呈现明显的梯度,微观上则表现出成分连续变化,且各成分分布均匀、弥散.在各梯度层内部及界面都没有裂纹及大孔洞出现,界面结合紧密.随着316L粉的含量增加,韧窝的数量逐渐增加,韧窝形貌由浅变深,边缘由尖锐逐渐变得圆滑,表明材料由脆性断裂向韧性断裂转化.纯HA梯度层为典型的脆性断裂,HA80/316L和HA60/316L梯度层表现为典型的晶间断裂,HA40/316L和HA20/316L梯度层断裂性质为晶间断裂中掺杂有韧性断裂,而316L梯度层则表现为典型的韧性断裂.316L粉的加入改变了HA/316L粉生物FGM各梯度层的断裂方式,从而提高了材料的力学性能.从整体上而言,HA/316L粉生物FGM主要增韧机制包括层间裂纹偏转增韧与裂纹偏转增韧.
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