采用中频感应炉在氩气保护下制备稀土镍系AB<,5>型贮氢合金和La-Mg-Ni系AB<,3>型贮氢合金.利用H<,2>、N<,2>和CH<,4>配制的混合气体来模拟工业尾气,对利用稀土贮氢合金分离混合气体中氢气的纯度、合金抗杂质气体毒化及抗粉化性能进行研究.结果表明,稀土镍系AB<,5>型合金由CaCu<,5>型结构组成,AB<,3>型La-Mg-Ni系合金为多相结构,由(La,Mg)Ni<,3>、LaNi<,5>以及LaNi<,2>型相组成.在分离混合气体中氢气时,贮氢合金均受到杂质气体的毒化,导致吸氢速率降低,吸氢量减少.La-Mg-Ni系合金的抗粉化性能好于LaNi5及其多元化合金.综合考虑分离氢气的纯度、合金的抗毒化及抗粉化性能,认为LaNi<,3> 7Mn<,0.4>Al<,0.3>Fe<,0.4>Co<,0.2>合金分离氢气的效果较好,氢气纯度可以达到90.7%.
AB5-type rare-earth nickel(RE-Ni)based hydrogen storage alloys and AB3-type La-Mg-Ni based hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by vacuum medium-frequency induction melting in argon atmosphere. Industrial offgas was simulated by the mixed gas including H2, N2 and CH<,4>. The purity of hydrogen separated by rare-earth hydrogen storage alloys and anti-poison and anti-pulverization properties of the alloys in the process of hydrogen absorption and desorption were studied. The results show that AB5-type RE-Ni based hydrogen storage alloys are possessed of the single structure with CaCus-type, and AB3-type La-Mg-Ni based hydrogen storage alloys are possessed of the multi-phase structure with(La,Mg)Ni<,3>, LaNi<,5> and LaNi<,2> phase. The hydrogen storage alloys will be poisoned by impurity gas in the separation of hydrogen, resulting in lower speed rate of hydrogen absorption and lesser capacity of hydrogen absorption. The anti-pulverization property of La-Mg-Ni based alloys is better than that of LaNi<,5> alloy and its complex alloy. LaNi<,3>.TMno.4Al0.3Fe0.4Co0.2 alloy is considered as better alloy to separate hydrogen from the mixed gas, con-sidering the purity of separated hydrogen, anti-poison and anti-pulverization property of the alloy. The hydrogen purity of 90.7% can be achieved.
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