以N，N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（NMBA）为交联剂，过硫酸钾（KPS）为引发剂，采用微波辐射方法制备了凹凸棒（APT）接枝2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）／丙烯酰胺（AM）耐盐性高吸水性树脂。探讨了单体配比、微波功率（P）、中和度（N）、APT用量、NMBA用量和KPS用量对待测液体吸水倍率的影响，用红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）对高吸水性树脂进行了表征。实验结果表明，在最佳合成条件（n（AM）：n（AMPS）=4．5：1，P=390W，N=75％，叫（NMBA）=0．08％，w（KPS）=0．6％，w（APT）=7．5％）下树脂在去离子水中的吸水倍率为1460g／g，吸生理盐水倍率为114g／g，树脂具有较强的耐盐性能；红外光谱（FT-IR）和X射线衍射（XRD）表征显示，凹凸棒和有机单体之间发生了接枝共聚反应，其反应仅在凹凸棒的表面进行，单体并没有插入到凹凸棒的层间。
Superabsorbent resin with good salt-resistance was synthesized by attapulgite clay(APT) grafted 2 - acrylamido-2 - methylpropanesulfonic acid(AMPS)/acrylamide (AM) under microwave irradiation with N, N'- methylene-bis-crylamide(NMBA) as crosslinking agent and potassium persulfte (KPS)as initiators. The impact factors of synthesizing superabsorbent resin, such as the ratio of monomer, microwave power (P), neutralization degree (N), the ratio of APT, the amount of NMBA and the amount of KPS were discussed. Meanwhile, the microstructure of resin was charactered by FT-IR and XRD. Under the optimum conditions: n (AM):n (AMPS) of 4.5:1, P of 390W, N of 75%, the amount of APT of 7.5%, the amount of NMBA and KPS of 0.08% and 0.6%, respectively,the water absorption rate of resin is 1460 g/g in the deionized water and 114 g/g in normal saline. The resin has a strong salt-tolerant performance. FT-IR and XRD characterization indicate that the grafting copolymerization reaction happens between the attapulgite clay and organic monomer, the reaction occurs only in the attapulgie clay surface, and monomer is not inserted into the attapulgite interlayer.
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