Ultrafine -tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) powders with good crystalline structure were produced by a new wet process. Throughbone tissue engineering approach, porous β-TCP ceramic was combined with recombined human bone morphogenetic proteins- 2 (rhBMP-2) to develop a novel composite material. Osteogenesis capacity of the composite was investigated intramuscularlyin rat with histological analyses and SEM examination. Pure β-TCP porous ceramic was investigated as the control. Resultsshow that the composite materials possess good biocompatibility, biodegradation and strong osteogenesis capacity throughinductive process after implantation. Material degradation began from 2 weeks post-implantation accompanying with thechanging of pore structure, with the enwrapping and separation of materials by hyperplatic mesenchymal cells and fibroblast,and with the phagocytose reaction of multinucleated giant cells. Early in 72 h, immature cartilage could be found within novelcomposite; mature lamellar bone was induced to generate after 3 weeks. With strong osteoinduction capacity and controllablebiodegradation, the novel rhBMP-2/β-TCP porous ceramic is expected to be a promising bone grafting substitute for bonetissue engineering.
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