对6061-T6铝合金进行系统的单轴应变循环和应力循环实验,揭示该材料在室温和高温下的循环变形行为,讨论环境温度、加载速率、峰/谷值保持对其应变循环特性及棘轮行为的影响.结果表明,6061-T6铝合金表现出弱的循环软化特性,其棘轮行为不仅依赖于平均应力和应力幅值的大小,还依赖于加载历史.尽管该合金的单拉行为对应变率的变化不敏感,但其循环变形行为却体现出明显的时间相关特性,即:应变循环下,在峰/谷值有保持时的响应应力幅值明显小于没有保持时的值,且随着保持时间的增加,响应应力幅值将进一步减小;应力循环下,在峰值有保持时产生的棘轮应变比没有保持时的值大,且随着峰值保持时间的增加及应力率的降低,棘轮应变明显增大.
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