比较了N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)及乙酰左旋肉毒碱(ALCAR)对12C6+离子照射小鼠的损伤效应,并探讨了其可能的作用机制.利用4 Gy剂量的12C6+离子束对预先给予NAC(100 mg/kg)和ALCAR(100 mg/kg)保护的昆明小鼠进行单次全身照射.随后检测肝组织中总抗氧化能力(TAC)、DNA单链断裂和细胞凋亡率.结果显示,与照射对照组相比,提前给予NAC和ALCAR均极显著地增强了肝组织的抗氧化能力(P<0.001),减轻了12C6+离子导致的肝组织中DNA断裂(P<0.001)和细胞凋亡(P<0.001).此外,还发现ALCAR组抗重离子辐照损伤的能力显著地高于NAC组(P<0.05).实验结果提示了NAC和ALCAR可通过抵御组织内的氧化胁迫,阻止DNA链的断裂和细胞的凋亡,实现对C离子辐照损伤的保护效应.而且ALCAR比NAC可能更适合成为有潜力、有希望的抗C重离子辐射药物.
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