以无水四氯化锆为锆源,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,氟化锂为矿化剂,乙醇为溶剂,炭黑为还原剂,采用非水解溶胶-凝胶法制备硅酸锆晶须,研究了炭黑种类与坩埚密封程度对硅酸锆晶须生长的影响.结果表明:相对于比表面积过小的炭黑8001或比表面积过大的超级活性炭,竹炭更利于硅酸锆晶须的生长;采用敞开坩埚方式热处理时能获得直径为30 ～ 90 nm,长径比为6～15,沿[001]方向择优生长的硅酸锆晶须,半敞开或密封的反应体系均不能形成硅酸锆晶须.
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