通过TGA(热重分析)测定了在模拟热轧过程的1000℃~1200℃空气中304奥氏体不锈钢短期氧化过程的质量变化, 并采用SEM、EDS、GDE-OES、XPS和XRD等手段观察和分析了氧化膜的形貌、组成与结构. 结果表明: 在1000℃和1100℃氧化60 min的时间内, 304不锈钢的氧化过程基本遵从抛物线规律; 在1200℃氧化16 min后, 则出现了快速失稳氧化. 在所有三个实验温度下氧化258 s, 钢表面均能形成完整的氧化膜. 在1000℃, 氧化膜由(Cr1.3Fe0.7)O3组成, 而在1100℃和1200℃的氧化膜, 则有少量Mn1.5Cr1.5 O4 生成. 此外, 随着氧化温度的提高, 氧化膜表面的O含量明显升高, Fe和Ni含量下降, 这与氧化膜的厚度有关.
The short-term oxidation behavior of 304 stainless steel at temperatures from 1000℃ to 1200℃ in air under the condition of simulated hot-rolling was studied by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) method. Meanwhile, the morphology, composition and phase constituent of oxide scales formed were characterized by SEM, EDS, GDE-OES, XPS and XRD. The results show that the oxidation process of 304ss followed parabolic law at 1000℃ and 1100℃ within an exposing period of 60 min; while rapid breakaway oxidation took place at 1200℃ after 16 min. All the oxidation at the three temperatures for 258 s resulted in formation of a complete oxide scale on the surface of 304ss. The oxide scale consisted mainly of (Cr1.3Fe0.7)O3 at 1000℃, and besides which, (Cr1.3Fe0.7)O3, Mn1.5Cr1.5O4 did appeare at 1100℃ and 1200℃. Furthermore, oxygen content in the outer-layer of the scales increased and iron and nickel content decreased with temperature increasing, which should be related to the thickening of the oxide scales.
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