从单纯的技术角度,印刷可以定义为是通过选择性添加适当物质的方法将拟表达的信息、内容或功能呈现在适当载体上的过程,属于典型的附加型、面处理(并行处理)技术范畴,具有空间分辨率高、生产效率高和成本低的特点.正是由于这些特质,印刷是开创现代文明的重要载体,也是人类文明历史上最重要、历史最悠久的传媒技术,今天又在表面装饰、印刷电子、超高规模集成电路制备等领域得到广泛应用.作为传媒技术,印刷的核心作用是可视化,因此将适当呈色剂放置在适当载体上成为技术关键；在表面装饰和印刷电子领域中,印刷的作用是将适当功能单元(如,防护、装饰、电子或光电子功能单元)选择性放置在适当载体上,以满足装饰或/和某种功能的需要；在超高规模集成电路领域,印刷的作用主要体现在表面微加工,核心是印刷技术拥有的微纳米加工的能力.本文也是从这个几个方面,对印刷技术在过去几千年的发展历程和今后的发展趋势有一个概略的回顾和展望.
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