建立了激光快速成形过程中气/粉两相流送粉、激光熔覆成形温度场及粉末与熔池交互作用联合模型。采用有限单元生死技术模拟了熔覆层的沉积及熔池形成和自由界面形状演化，根据界面温度与粉末粒子动量损失模拟熔池对粒子的捕捉以及工件对粉末的反射，并采用朗格拉日方法实现了对粉末颗粒的跟踪。在此基础上，模拟了激光快速成形过程中316L不锈钢粉末、激光与熔池的交互作用过程，计算结果与实验相吻合。
The Laser Rapid Forming (LRF), an advanced solid freedom fabrication technology, has a bright future in manufacturing of high performance dense metal components with complex structure in aero, spaceflight and many other fields. During LRF, the melting pool free surface serves as a moving window of laser power and powder mass input and a dynamic boundary of the LRF continuous growth domain, so the interaction between laser, powder and melting pool free surface is the basic problem that should be coped with in LRF process. In this paper, the melting pool transient temperature field and gas/powder two phase fluid field numerical model are established. Using finite element birth and death technology, the growth of cladding layers and shape of melting pool free surface are simulated, and using Lagrangian particle tracking model and momentum loss (parallel and perpendicular)option, the interaction between melting pool free surface and powder such as capture and reflect are simulated. At last, the interaction between 316L stainless steel powder, laser and melting pool free surface is calculated, and the numerical result is in agreement with that of the experiment.
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