以七水硫酸锌（ZnSO4.7H2O）和碳酸氢铵（NH4HCO3）为原料,以聚乙二醇-400（PEG-400）为模板,通过室温固相反应制备了碳酸锌（ZnCO3）和碱式碳酸锌（ZnCO3.3Zn（OH）2.H2O,basic zinc carbon-ate,BZC）。通过XRD测试及其半定量成分分析,研究了PEG-400剂量和NH4HCO3与ZnSO4.7H2O摩尔比x值对合成产物物相的影响。总结了PEG-400模板辅助合成ZnCO3和BZC的反应机制。结果表明,PEG-400包覆ZnSO4.7H2O颗粒形成模板,模板层的厚度影响固相反应的微观机制———薄层单向扩散与厚层互扩散,局部微环境的酸碱性决定着产物物相,酸性抑制ZnCO3水解,碱性促进ZnCO3水解生成BZC。由据此设计的较高x值（x=3.0）、较低PEG-400剂量（70μL）的合成工艺,制备了单相BZC粉体。
Using zinc sulfate heptahydrate（ZnSO4·7H2O） and ammonium bicarbonate（NH4HCO3） as raw materials and a template of polyethylene glycols（PEG-400）,zinc carbonate（ZnCO3） and basic zinc carbonate（ZnCO3·3Zn（OH）2·H2O,BZC） powders were synthesized by the solid-state reaction at room temperature.The effects of PEG-400 dosages and the mole ratio x of NH4HCO3 and ZnSO4·7H2O on the phases of products were investigated by XRD and quasi-quantitative content analysis method.The template mechanism of reaction synthesis of ZnCO3 and BZC is summarized.The results show that a template is formed via PEG-400 enwrapping ZnSO4·7H2O particles,the thickness of PEG-400 template dominates the micro mechanism of solid-state reaction,where single direction diffusion for thin film and mutual diffusion for thick film take place.It is the acidity or alkalinity at local reaction zone that strongly affects the phases of products,the acidity inhibits the hydrolyzation of ZnCO3,while the alkalinity accelerates the hydrolyzation of ZnCO3 to form BZC.On this base,BZC powders were prepared by the solid-state reaction with parameters of higher x（x=3.0） and lower PEG-400 dosage（70μL）.
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