综述了不同生产方法合成酚醛泡沫对可发性树脂基体的要求,合成了用于湿法生产酚醛泡沫的不同的反应活性的高邻位热固性酚醛树脂.利用红外光谱(IR)和凝胶色谱仪(GPC)的测试结果,分析了反应时间与树脂分子量、分子量分布和分子结构的关系,并研究树脂结构和分子量分布对泡沫成型工艺的影响,结果表明,对于具有高邻位结构的可发性热固性酚醛树脂,分子量和分子量分散系数可作为其化学反应活性评判的依据,即(M)_W<400,(M)_Z/(M)_W<1.60为高活性;(M)_W>480,(M)_Z/(M)_W>1.80为低活性,介于两者之间为中活性.
The demands of foamable resins were summarized for phenolic foams by different producing processes. The high-ortho thermoset phenolic resins with different reactivity were synthesized for phenolic foams of wet foaming process. The relationships between the reaction time and molecule structure, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution of phenolic resin were analyzed with gel permeation in chromatography(GPC) and infrared spectrum (IR). The influences of them on phenolic foam properties and foaming process were discussed. The results show that the chemical reactivity of high-ortho foamable phenolic can be judged according to molecular weight and molecular weight polydispersity index, (M)_W<400 and (M)_Z/(M)_W< 1.60 for the high reactivity, (M)_W>480 and (M)_Z>(M)_W>1.80 for the low reactivity, while the intervenient value for the middle reactivity.
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