采用有限元法,模拟了用渗碳-脱碳化学热处理和外加涂层制备的新型金属结构材料中碳原子的扩散情况以及最终的碳浓度分布,分析了涂层尺寸对碳浓度分布的影响.结果表明,在涂层尺寸为0.4～0.5mm的条件下,渗碳过程中当外界碳势为1.48%(质量分数)、传质系数为1.34×10-7m/s时或脱碳过程中当外界碳势为0%(质量分数)、传质系数为1×10-7m/s时,材料比较容易获得外软内硬的力学性能.薄膜尺寸分别为0.4mm和0.5mm时,渗碳时间为900～1000s和1300～1400s,相应的脱碳时间为1800～1900s和2200～2300s时可获得最佳的扩散效果.
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