过共晶Al-18％Si合金受控扩散凝固组织与行为

中国有色金属学报, 2014, 24(7): 1761-1770.

过共晶Al-18％Si合金受控扩散凝固组织与行为

周宏伟 ^1, , 李元东 ^2, , 马颖 ^3, , 张心龙 ^4, , 刘兴海 ^5,

1.兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州,730050

2.兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050;兰州理工大学有色金属合金及加工教育部重点实验室,兰州730050

3.兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050;兰州理工大学有色金属合金及加工教育部重点实验室,兰州730050

4.兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州,730050

5.兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州,730050

基金项目: 甘肃省高等学校基本科研项目(1201ZTC056) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51064017)

关键词：过共晶Al-18％Si合金 , 受控扩散凝固 , 平衡温度 , 溶质扩散 , 初生硅

Microstructure and solidification behavior ofAl-18％Si hypereutectic alloy prepared by controlled diffusion solidification

Keywords： hypereutectic Al-18Si alloy , controlled diffusion solidification , equilibrium temperature , solute diffusion , primary silicon phase

采用受控扩散凝固(CDS)技术制备过共晶Al-18％Si合金,研究其凝固组织随低温母合金温度变化的演变规律和凝固行为本质.结果表明:受控扩散凝固能抑制初生硅相的过度各向异性生长,有效改善合金凝固组织结构.采用适当温度的Al-25％Si合金(800℃)和纯Al(580℃)混合进行受控扩散凝固时,凝固组织中初生硅相分布均匀,无宏观偏析,且其平均尺寸达到42.85 μm.当纯Al温度偏低时,凝固组织中初生硅相偏聚严重;当纯Al温度较高时,凝固组织中初生硅相尺寸偏大.分析表明:在受控扩散凝固过程中,固-液界面前沿形成了较小的“成分过冷”,初生硅相在过冷区内趋于平界面生长.溶质原子扩散距离的平方与平衡温度成对数关系,温度愈高,扩散愈充分,宏观偏析愈少.

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