以三氯氧磷和新戊二醇等为原料,合成了一种新型磷氮型季铵盐(PAHAC),通过红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和高分辨质谱(HRMS)表征化合物结构.利用PAHAC与钠基蒙脱土(Na-MMT)离子交换反应制备有机磷氮系一蒙脱土阻燃剂(PAHAC-MMT).FTIR和x射线衍射(XRD)研究表明:PAHAC通过离子交换对蒙脱土进行了有机化改性,经20%质量分数的PAHAC改性后的MMT(20%PAHAC-MMT)层间距增至1.87 nm,20%PAHAC-MMT的热分解温度在310℃以上.透射电镜(TEM)分析结果表明,20%PAHAC-MMT经LDPE熔融插层,形成了插层-剥离型纳米复合材料.锥形量热测试结果表明有机磷氮系一蒙脱土/LDPE纳米复合材料具有良好的阻燃性能,其中20%PAHAC-MMT(7%)/LDPE的热释放速率峰值(PHRR)比LDPE降低了21%,热释放总量(THR)下降了9.5%.炭层的扫描电镜(SEM)分析结果表明,20%PAHAC-MMT/LDPE燃烧后能形成致密的炭层,起到良好的阻燃作用.
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