以V2O5粉末和过氧化氢为原料,十六烷基胺为模板剂,利用水热合成法制备钒氧纳米管,然后结合阳离子交换技术,用导电聚合物聚吡咯修饰替换钒氧纳米管中的有机模板剂,成功制备了聚吡咯/钒氧纳米管复合材料。借助透射电子显微镜和傅里叶红外光谱观察和分析了修饰前后纳米管的形貌和结构变化,实验结果证实聚吡咯不但成功修饰替换了钒氧纳米管中的有机模板剂,而且还很好地保持了纳米管的管状结构。采用恒流充放电和循环伏安分别测试了修饰前后样品的电化学性能,测试结果表明导电聚合物聚吡咯的修饰替换极大地提高了电极材料的首次充放电比容量和循环稳定性,循环伏安结果和20次循环后的表面形貌分析也进一步证实了这一结论。由于聚吡咯具有高的电导率和良好的柔韧性,不仅提高了复合纳米管材料的电导率,而且还改善了复合纳米管材料的结构稳定性。
Vanadium oxide nanotubes were firstly prepared by hydrothermal treatment, in which V2 O5 and H2O2 were used as raw materials and C16 H33 NH2 as structure-directing template. And then, polypyrrole/vanadium oxide nanotubes were synthesized by exchanging organic template with conducting polymer polypyrrole. TEM and FT-IR were employed to investigate the morphology and structure of the samples. The results confirm that the template was replaced by conducting polymer polypyrrole without destroying the previous nanotubular structure. Moreover, the electrochemical performance of the synthesized samples was tested by galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling and cyclic voltammetry. The results demonstrate that polypyrrole/vanadium oxide nanotubes had enhanced capacity and improved cycle stability, the improved electrochemical performance may be attributed to the incorporation of the conducting polymer polypyrrole.
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