采用搅拌摩擦加工法制备CNTs/7075铝基复合材料,测量并分析加工态、热处理态试样的热膨胀系数,并分别用ROM、Turner和Schapery模型进行理论计算.结果表明:搅拌摩擦加工后材料的晶粒细小,CNTs的添加能进一步细化晶粒.CNTs/7075复合材料的热膨胀系数低于退火态和搅拌摩擦加工后7075铝合金试样的,说明搅拌摩擦加工对材料晶粒的细化及CNTs的加入可以有效地约束基体材料的热膨胀,且随着CNTs含量的增加,复合材料的线膨胀系数呈减小趋势.后续热处理对CNTs/7075复合材料的热膨胀系数也有影响,退火和固溶时效处理均可以降低该复合材料的热膨胀系数.理论计算发现,Turner模型计算得到的热膨胀系数预测值最接近于实测值.
7075 aluminum alloy based composite reinforced with carbon nanotubes was prepared by friction stir processing. The thermal expansion coefficients of CNTs/7075 composites with processed state and heat treatment were measured. And the theoretical thermal expansion coefficient of CNTs/7075 composite was calculated with ROM, Turner and Schapery's model. The results show that the grain size of material can effectively reduced by friction stir processing, and the addition of CNTs can further refine grain size of composite. The CNTs/7075 composite has smaller thermal expansion coefficients compared with annealed 7075 matrix materials and the FSPed 7075 samples, which indicates that the addition of CNTs can effectively constrain the thermal expansion of the composite. The thermal expansion coefficients of CNTs/7075 composite samples decrease along with the increase of volume fraction of CNTs. Heat treatment has a positive effect on the thermal expansion characteristic of the composite, and the annealing or aging treatment can decrease the thermal expansion of the composite. The theoretical calculation shows that thermal expansion coefficient of CNTs/7075 composite with Turner's model is the closest to the experimental result.
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