由于具有熔点高、化学性质稳定、高温抗氧化性能好等特点，铱及其合金被广泛用于高可靠电触头、耐腐蚀坩埚、抗高温氧化涂层、热电偶、汽车发动机火花塞等零部件。系统地综述了铱及其合金的熔炼、粉末冶金、变形处理和化学气相沉积等制备工艺，并重点介绍了国内外在铱及其合金微合金化方面的研究思路和研究成果。最后展望了铱及其合金制备工艺的研究方向。
Due to high melting point, chemical stability and excellent high temperature oxidation resistance, iridium and Ir-alloys are widely used in high-reliability electrical contacts, corrosion-resistant crucibles, high temperature oxidation resistance coating, thermocouples and car engine spark plugs. The variety of processing methods used for iridium and Ir-alloys are systematically reviewed in the present paper, including the melting, powder metallurgy, deformation and coating deposition process. The research idea and as-obtained research results of micro-alloying technology of iridium and Ir-alloys at home and abroad are introduced emphatically also. Finally, the research directions of preparation of iridium and Ir-alloys are prospected.
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