针对铜合金在HCl溶液中脱铬腐蚀问题，借助金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM/EDX)及X射线荧光光谱仪等测试手段研究了试样状态对Cu--Cr合金脱铬腐蚀的影响，并分析了脱铬机理。结果表明：试样变形量越大，表面越粗糙，Cu--Cr合金脱铬孕育期越短，HCl溶液的浓度和温度越低，越有助于脱铬。同时，变形可使脱铬速率增大，脱铬层组织的致密度降低；而表面粗糙度对脱铬速率影响不大。
In order to realize the dechromization of copper alloy in HCl solution, the effect of the sample state on dechromization of Cu-Cr alloy was studied by means of metallographic observation, X-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM/EDX), and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, and the mechanism was also analyzed. The results showed that the bigger the sample deformation and surface roughness, the shorter the incubation time of dechromization, and the lower the concentration and temperature of solution for the dechromization, and it is conducive to dechromization of Cu-Cr alloy. As a result, the deformation can increase the dechromization rate, and decrease the compactibility of the microstructure of the dechromization layer, but the surface roughness does not obviously affect the dechromization rate.
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